Bose Einstein Condensation and Thermodynamics Properties in Bose-Einstein Distribution

The calculation of the thermodynamic properties in the Bose-Einstein distribution is presented. The behaviour of the Bose-gas in the Bose- Einstein distribution is analysed based on high and low temperature dependence. At... More details can be found in the full paper

Determination of Radioactive Elements Concentrations in Soils of Selected Areas in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis

A determination of radioactive elements concentrations in soils in selected parts of Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria were carried out by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) technique. The soil analysis was conducted at the Nigeria Nuclear Research Reactor (NIRR – 1) at center for Energy Research and Training (CERT), Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria. Twenty elements that include short lives, intermediate lives and long lives radioactive elements were detected in soil samples used for the analysis. The obtained radionuclides includes  Na, Ti, V, As K, Mn, Sb, Fe, Dy, Pa, Mg, Sc, Yb, Ce, Co, Sm etc. The results show that INAA of soil samples of the area under investigation gave concentration of 20.05+ 0.60ppm for K, 9.36+ 0.79ppm for Na, 5.73+ 0.50ppm for Fe, 5.38+ 0.62ppm for Cr, 4.24+ 0.25ppm for As and 3.65+ 0.32ppm for Sb, etc. Comparison of the result from this with other studies show difference in the number of elements obtained which is attributed to the difference in the geology of these areas. Keywords: Soil, INAA, concentration, Radionuclides and NIRR-

Interactions of Axion Photons in Magnetised Media

We have compared between the standard model and generational model of particle physics. By means of a special Lagrangian function we consider the interaction of photon axions in both magnetic field and magnetic medium. We also present a polynomial in powers of the external magnetic field with even and odd powers .... DOI: 10.7176/APTA/83-01 Publication date: February 29th 202

A Blueberry-Enriched Diet Improves Renal Function and Reduces Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Syndrome Animals: Potential Mechanism of TLR4-MAPK Signaling Pathway

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a cluster of health factors that indicate a higher risk for cardio-renal diseases. Recent evidence indicates that antioxidants from berries are alternative to attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation. We tested the hypothesis that inflammation-induced renal damage is triggered by the activation of TLR4, and subsequent modulation of redox-sensitive molecules and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.Five-week old lean and obese Zucker rats (LZR and OZR) were fed a blueberry-enriched diet or an isocaloric control diet for 15 weeks. A glucose tolerance test and acute renal clearance experiments were performed. Gene and protein expression levels for TLR4, cytokines and phosphorylation of ERK and p38MAPK were measured. Kidney redox status and urinary albumin levels were quantified. Renal pathology was evaluated histologically.Control OZR exhibited lower glucose tolerance; exacerbated renal function parameters; increased oxidative stress. Gene and protein expression levels of TLR4 were higher and this was accompanied by increased renal pathology with extensive albuminuria and deterioration in antioxidant levels in OZR. In addition, OZR had increased phosphorylation of ERK and p38MAPK. Blueberry-fed OZR exhibited significant improvements in all these parameters compared to OZR.TLR4-MAPK signaling pathway is a key to the renal structural injury and dysfunction in MetS and blueberry (BB) protect against this damage by inhibiting TLR4.This is the first study to put forth a potential mechanism of TLR4-induced kidney damage in a model of MetS and to elucidate a downstream mechanism by which blueberry exert their reno-protective effects